Flying Blind: Clueless about Risk, We're Speeding Toward Systemic Failure
October 28, 2020
For all these reasons, the risks of systemic collapse are much higher than commonly
anticipated.
There's an irony in discussing risk: since we all have an instinctive reaction
to visible risk, we think we understand it. But alas, we don't, especially when the risk is
invisible and systemic.
We even misjudge extremely visible risk. People routinely die rushing to save someone
who foolishly waded into fast-moving water a few yards above a waterfall. The rescue is
clearly suicidal and doomed but they try anyway, doubling the tragedy by losing their own life.
We're prone to ignore risks that we've taken and gotten away with before: boat's
overloaded and seas are rising? Hey, we've done this a hundred times and nothing bad ever happened.
We overestimate our level of control. Don't worry, I got this... crash.
And we overestimate our risk management skills, confident that the situation won't get away
from us.
Systemic risk is difficult to isolate and analyze, so we're literally blind to it.
It's not that we're blithely ignoring risk--we simply do not see it. We're flying blind
through jagged mountain tops we can't see through the thick fog of false confidence.
There are several reasons for our innate difficulty in discerning risk. One I covered
last year in Crunchtime: When Events Outrun Plan B (December 4, 2019) is
recency bias: the natural assumption that the recent past is a reliable guide
to the future. This leads us to underestimate the risk of non-linear financial-economic
dynamics.
Linear means increasing or decreasing inputs to the system generate equivalent
outputs: doubling the input doubles the output, and so on. Non-linear means modest changes
in inputs generate outsized changes in outputs.
It's not easy to discern the potential for non-linear dynamics until they emerge,
typically with surprising speed. This is why stock market crashes catch the vast majority of
punters off-guard.
Central banks and governments have gone to extreme lengths to maintain the illusion of
linearity, but these extreme measures have generated emergent properties beyond
their control.
This illusion of linearity implies a control of dynamics so perfect that no linear
situation can ever become non-linear. This is the illusion of godlike control.
In other words, we assume the authorities (The Federal Reserve, etc.) have godlike control
which limits the risk of things spiraling out of control (i.e. non-linearity)
Another reason we're blind to risk is we naively assume risks add up like a grocery bill.
Take a 5% chance of something bad happening, add another 5% risk and a third 5% risk, and the total
risk we face is only 15%--hey, that's not much.
The problem is independent-variable risks don't add up, they compound. As correspondent A.P.
explained to me recently:
risks are independent variables with cumulative effects that are
compounded, not additive. So the three variables, each with a 5% risk factor, pose a
compounded risk far higher than 15%.
In other words, we may view each risk factor as low and feel a false sense of safety because
we failed to compound all the individually "low-risk" factors into a composite of risk, which
could compound into a very high probability of something unexpectedly bad happening.
Then there's feedback, a dynamic I've discussed many times, most recently in
How Extremes Become More Extreme, Triggering Collapse (August 28, 2020)
Somewhat counter-intuitively, when feedback arises to moderate the intensity of a trend,
that's negative feedback. When feedback intensifies the trend, it's positive feedback.
Why is this counter-intuitive? If a bad trend is moderated by negative feedback, that's
good (positive). If a bad trend gathers momentum due to positive feedback, that's bad (negative).
When an insect population explodes higher due to ideal conditions, birds and other predators
feast on the over-supply, reducing the infestation. This negative feedback moderates the
damage inflicted by the infestation.
If a rapidly expanding insect horde has few predators and its range and mobility increase
with every generation, allowing it to find new food sources, this positive feedback enables
a vast expansion in each generation--exactly what's we're witnessing with locusts.
Positive feedback leads to runaway systems, i.e. run to failure where the trend
accelerates until the system collapses.
If the system is isolated, then the damage might be contained. But if the system is interconnected
with others, then its failure could trigger the collapse of other systems,
either as a direct (first-order) effect or as an indirect (second-order) effect.
In other words, in highly inter-connected systems, one failure can trigger a domino effect
that can become non-linear once second-order effects manifest.
All of these dynamics are in play in America's healthcare system, which I discussed
rcently in
How Systems Collapse: Reaping What We've Sown and
Everything We Assume Is Permanent Is Actually Fragile (October 23, 2020).
Here's an example: the CDC
reported that 1 in 16 health care personnel (HCP) contract Covid and require hospitalization.
If the healthcare worker is older than 60 and/or has an underlying condition, the risks are
much higher. At some point, these compounding risks will influence decisions.
Hospital administrators fearing wrongful-death lawsuits from over-60 staffers who contract
the virus and die from complications may fire older staffers to limit their legal liability.
Individual healthcare workers who are responsible for caring for elderly parents or children
at home may conclude the risk of contracting Covid at work and suffering Long Covid
debilitation outweighs the income from their job, and seek alternative employment with
lower exposure to Covid patients.
The greater one's responsibility for physical care of dependents at home, the more devastating the
impact of Covid hospitalization or long-term debilitation, and so at some point the risks
of continuous exposure to Covid-infected patients are simply not worth it.
Given the prevalence of organ damage (heart, liver, etc.) even in asymptomatic carriers of
Covid, older healthcare workers may conclude it's not worth the risks of permanent organ
damage to continue exposure to Covid-infected patients, and so they may choose to retire early.
Compound these decisions, add in feedback of rising hospitalizations and there's a rising
risk of the illusion of linearity giving way to explosive non-linear
run-to-failure. Just because it hasn't happened yet doesn't mean it can't happen.
Lastly, the risks of drawing grandiose conclusions from limited data are largely invisible,
too. This is one of the risks in the rushed vaccine trials currently underway.
Please read
Covid-19 Vaccine Protocols Reveal That Trials Are Designed To Succeed
(Forbes.com) by William A. Haseltine before assuming the vaccine trials are accurate
estimations of risks.
"One of the more immediate questions a trial needs to answer is whether a vaccine prevents
infection. If someone takes this vaccine, are they far less likely to become infected with
the virus? These trials all clearly focus on eliminating symptoms of Covid-19, and not
infections themselves. Asymptomatic infection is listed as a secondary objective in these
trials when they should be of critical importance.
It appears that all the pharmaceutical companies assume that the vaccine will never prevent
infection. Their criteria for approval is the difference in symptoms between an infected
control group and an infected vaccine group. They do not measure the difference between
infection and noninfection as a primary motivation.
A greater concern for the millions of older people and those with preexisting conditions
is whether these trials test the vaccine's ability to prevent severe illness and death.
Again we find that severe illness and death are only secondary objectives in these trials.
None list the prevention of death and hospitalization as a critically important barrier."
For all the reasons listed in this post, the risks of systemic collapse are much higher
than commonly anticipated. Recency bias,
belief in the illusion of linearity and the godlike powers of authorities, failure
to properly compound risk variables and feedback, uncritical acceptance of limited
data--any one of these is the equivalent of flying blind, without radar, through thick fog.
Compounding all these factors is the equivalent of flying through thick fog at 5,000 feet
straight toward the Rocky Mountains.
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